近端联合远端收肌管阻滞在全膝关节置换术患者术后镇痛和早期功能康复中的应用

目的 探讨近端联合远端收肌管阻滞在全膝关节置换术患者术后镇痛和早期功能康复中的应用。方法 选取2019年1月至2020年12月在解放军总医院第六医学中心择期行单侧全膝关节置换术患者90例,按随机数字表法分为3组,每组30例。A组为对照组,于超声引导下行股神经联合腘窝上坐骨神经阻滞;B组为近端联合远端收肌管阻滞组,于超声引导下分别行收肌管近端和远端阻滞;C组为右美托咪定联合收肌管阻滞组,于超声引导下将罗哌卡因与右美托咪定混合液分别注射至收肌管近端和远端。比较3组患者术后6 h(T₁)、12 h(T₂)、24 h(T₃)和48 h(T₄)时静息VAS评分,术后T₃和T₄时运动VAS评分,48 h内羟考酮和氟比洛芬酯使用情况;以及术后24 h(T₃)、48 h(T₄)和72 h(T₅)膝关节活动范围(ROM)和股四头肌肌力;记录3组患者术后首次直腿抬高≥10 cm时间,术后首次下床活动时间,术后7...     

Scanning electron microscopic observations on larvae and young adults of Angiostrongylus cantonensis

Scanning electron microscopic observations on the structure of the body surface of various larval stages and young adults of Angiostrongylus cantonensis were made. The mouth opening of the first and second stage larvae closes in "Y" form until well developed young adult stage. There are two rows of 6 sensory papillae each around the mouth. With development of the worm, the papillae of the outer row gradually degenerated and could hardly be seen in adult worms. A pair of amphidial pores was present on the external side of lateral papillae of the inner row, being conspicuous in the fourth-stage larvae. There was one excretory pore on the ventral side of the anterior end. The copulatory bursa of the male worms began to develop in the third stage larvae and became well developed in the 25-day young adults. The processes of the development of copulatory bursa were described. The gonopore could be seen in the female worm as early as in the first-stage larvae but the anal pore appeared only in the fourth-stage larvae, both of them did not develop completely until the young adult stage of 11 day old (Figs. 1-18).     

Biotransformation of lovastatin--III. Effect of cimetidine and famotidine on in vitro metabolism of lovastatin by rat and human liver microsomes

The effects of the H2-receptor antagonists, cimetidine and famotidine, on the microsomal metabolism of [14C]lovastatin were investigated. Liver microsomes were prepared from control, phenobarbital- and 3-methylcholanthrene-pretreated rats and humans (male and female). Concentration-dependent inhibition of the metabolism of lovastatin (0.1 mM) was observed with cimetidine (0.1 to 1.0 mM). In contrast, famotidine at a similar concentration was a very weak inhibitor. The formation of 6'beta-hydroxy-lovastatin, the major microsomal metabolite of lovastatin, was similarly inhibited. The results suggest that in vivo metabolic interaction with concomitantly administered lovastatin is less likely with famotidine than with cimetidine. Phenobarbital pretreatment produced 58% stimulation in overall metabolism, whereas 3-methylcholanthrene pretreatment had no effect relative to control rats (5.4 nmol/mg protein/min). Liver microsomes from phenobarbital-pretreated rats produced 67% more of the 6'beta-hydroxy-lovastatin but 63-66% less of the 3'-hydroxy and 6'-exomethylene metabolites. Liver microsomes from 3-methylcholanthrene-treated rats also produced less 3"-hydroxy-lovastatin (49%) but similar quantities of the other two metabolites. 6'beta-Hydroxy-lovastatin was a major metabolite with human liver microsomes. Interestingly with these microsomes, hydroxylation at the 3'-position of the molecule was a negligible pathway and hydrolysis to the hydroxy acid form was not observed. The formation of 6'-exomethylene-lovastatin was also catalyzed by human liver microsomes (0.5 to 0.8 nmol/mg protein/min).     

经络轨迹的叩击、电阻、电流综合检测实验研究

<正> 应用多种方法对经络的循行路线进行了检测和显示,证明其行程与古典的经络路线基本一致,结果稳定,可重复。但是,显性感传的经络现象在人群中只占25％左右,而人群中大多数是属于隐性感传,应用生物物理学方法已观察到皮肤低电阻点(穴位)循     

血管生成抑素endostatin的表达、纯化及活性研究

目的：将从人胎肝组织克隆的血管生成抑素endostatin基因进行原核表达、纯化,检测重组endostatin的生物学活性。方法：利用原核表达载体pBV220在大肠杆菌DH5α中表达endostatin,利用肝素Sepharose亲和层析及SephacrylS-200分子筛纯化;通过体外内皮细胞（ECV304）增殖实验及体内鸡胚尿囊膜（CAM）新生血管实验检测其抑制活性。结果：Endo-statin在DH5α中的表达率为28.5%,纯化后纯度可达90.5%.En dostatin可明显抑制体外培养的内皮细胞增殖.IC50为72ug/ml;20时使细胞于48h发生明显凋亡;200ug/ml的endostatin可使CAM新生血管化率下降30%.结论:研究结果表明endostatin对内皮细胞具有明显抑制作用.提示其在肿瘤及新生血管性疾病的治疗中有潜在的应用前景。     

无糖型碳酸氢盐透析液的配制与临床应用

目的 :探讨无糖型碳酸氢盐透析液的配制及其临床应用。方法 :采用无糖型碳酸氢盐透析液组方 ,用于185例慢性肾功能衰竭患者进行血液透析。结果 :共配制 2 18次 ,经 85 0 8次透析 ,透析后各离子浓度符合要求。结论 :本制剂用于慢性肾功能衰竭患者血液透析 ,质量稳定 ,效果良好。     

老年与非老年患者甲状腺切除手术对比分析

目的 评价≥65岁老年组患者甲状腺切除手术的手术安全性与非老年组患者有无差异。方法 收集1995年－1999年间香港大学玛丽医院外科700例接受甲状腺切除手术的患者资料,分析比较老年组与非老年组患者的手术指征、手术方式、手术时间、出血量、并发症和术后住院时间等。结果 在手术指征、手术方式、术后住院时间上,老年组与非老年组患者之间有差异,但在手术出血量和并发症方面,两组间无统计学差异。结论 在≥65岁老年组患者中可以安全进行甲状腺切除手术。     

上颌中切牙倒置埋伏阻生不同术式的正畸治疗

目的 探讨上颌中切牙倒置埋伏阻生的矫治方法。方法 6对11例倒置阻生的上中切牙,先行开窗术式与翻瓣术式显露牙冠,然后在U型保护罩的运行下用固定正畸技术进行矫治。结果 翻瓣术式后固定矫正器经12－18个月,开窗术式后固定矫正器8－12个月使倒置埋伏阻生牙进入牙弓排齐。结论 倒置埋伏阻生的上颌中切牙,通过手术和正畸技术,完全能排入正常牙列,不需排除。     

准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术治疗近视的手术预测性分析

目的探讨准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术(Lasik)对不同屈光度近视的治疗效果及手术预测性。方法应用 Coherent 公司的Schwind Keratom F型准分子激光机和SCMD公司的可调式气动微型角膜刀治疗近视眼,术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月定期复查视力、裂隙灯、角膜地形图及屈光度。将随访6个月以上资料完整的146例283只眼根据术前屈光度分为3组。比较3组术后的屈光度及角膜偏中心切削的情况。结果术后6个月,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组屈光度在±1.00以内者分别占91.2%、83.9%、61.4%,差异有显著性。偏中心切削的发生率随着术前屈光度的增加而增加,但差异无显著性。结论准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术治疗近视效果确切、可靠,但手术预测的准确性随着近视屈光度的增加而降低。     

同种异体黑素细胞移植治疗白癜风

0　引言　白癜风患者免疫紊乱 ,黑素细胞 (melanocyte,MC)异体移植有可能不被排斥 ,治疗如成功将有很大临床前景 [1 ] .探索同种异体黑素细胞移植后的效果很有意义 .1　病例报告　女 ,2 7岁 ,确诊白癜风 (稳定期 ) ,患者皮肤自幼出现色素脱失斑 ,逐渐增多扩大 . 1996年外用“敏白灵”,前2 mo有效 . 1999- 0 7外用补骨酯酊 ,日服 5 g· L- 1 硫酸铜 10m L和中药 1剂 ,转移因子 4m L ,sc,1· 2 d- 1 .皮损缩小 ,4mo后稳定 .用健康男青年环切的包皮培养 MC,第 4代大约80 %融合时 ,用 2 .5 g· L- 1 胰酶消化 5 min,加入含 2 0 0 g·L- 1小…